Mediterranean International Aquaculture Environment Society (MAEPS)Mediterranean Aquaculture Journal1687-76166120141201Influence of Protein Levels and Pond Fertilization during Broodstock Pre-Spawning Period on the Tolerance of Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, Fry to Winter Season Temperature113462310.21608/maj.2014.4623ENFayedW.Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria
University, Alexandria, Egypt.El-DahharA.Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.El-ZaeemS.Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.El-GreisyZ.National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Alexandria, Egypt.SalamaM.Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.SallamG.National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Alexandria, Egypt.Journal Article20171217Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus females were fed three commercial diets (20, 25 and 30% crude protein) in 200 m3 earthen ponds fertilized with compost at rate of 25 kg/pond/week to evaluate their growth performance, seed production and survival rate of produced fry throughout winter season. Average initial body weight of females (19.30±1.05g) and males (23.45±2.1g) were stocked separately with density of 1000 fish/pond, and fed to satiation twice daily for 120 days as a pre-spawning period. Both sexes were then transferred to concrete ponds in hothouses with a ratio (6:2 females: male) per tank. During spawning period, broodstocks were fed a diet (25% crude protein) at 1% of their live body weight for 90 days. Last batch of produced fry were nursed in concrete tanks in hothouses, and fed on 30% crude protein diet for 45 days. Fry from each treatment was then transferred to wintering ponds, stocked at 500 fry/m3, and fed twice daily to<br />satiation for 120 days. Results indicated that final body weight, gain and average daily gain of broodstocks increased significantly (P<0.05) with increasing dietary protein level in fertilized ponds. Feed conversion rate and protein efficiency ratio improved, but insignificantly with increasing dietary protein level and with adding fertilizers. However,number of progeny increased significantly (P<0.05) by increasing protein level in fertilized ponds. Correspondingly, initial and final body weight of the offspring was significantly (P<0.05) triggered with increasing protein level and fertilizers. Also, feed conversion rate of fry improved significantly (P<0.05) with increasing dietary protein level and fertilized treatments. Moreover, survival of fry increased significantly (P<0.05) with fertilization treatments and increasing protein level. Therefore, the study highlights that by feeding O. niloticus broodstocks diets containing 25% crude protein supplemented with compost fertilizers during pre-spawning period, could be sufficient to trigger the production of viable fry that might tolerate low winter season temperatures. https://maj.journals.ekb.eg/article_4623_5f42a4b4d5bfd61b9f87c285235cde15.pdfMediterranean International Aquaculture Environment Society (MAEPS)Mediterranean Aquaculture Journal1687-76166120141201Use of Black Pepper Seeds as a Growth Enhancer for Juvenile of Florida Hybrid Red Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus) X Oreochromis mosambicus (Peters)1420462410.21608/maj.2014.4624ENShalabyM.Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Fisheries, Suez University, Suez, EgyptSakrA.Aquaculture Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, EgyptAbdel MoniemI.Animal and Fish Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria,Egypt.El-DakarY.Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Fisheries, Suez University, Suez, EgyptJournal Article20171217Nutritionists are encouraging use of natural growth promoters in livestock feeds due to their ability to prevent side effects that causes by chemical agents. Black pepper seeds are spices that may use as feed additives to enhance survival, and growth of fish. In the present study, the effects of graded levels of black pepper seeds meal (BPSM) on growth performance, feed and nutrient utilization, body composition and cost-benefit analysis of Florida hybrid red tilapia juveniles were studied. Eight glass aquaria with the dimensions of 70 x 30 x 40 cm were used to stock 15 fish averaging 8.6 g/fish. Four experimental diets were formulated to contain 0, 0.5, 1.0,and 2 % of BPSM as feed additive in red tilapia diets. All the diets were isonitrogenous (29-30% crude protein) and isocaloric (457-463 kcal GE/100 g diet). The feed<br />amount was given three times daily, six days a week for 60 days. Fish were weighed biweekly and feed amounts were adjusted on the basis of the new fish weight. Body weight, weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) of fish fed the control diet was relatively lower than all diets had BPSM except the diet containing 2% BPSM. Fish fed 0.5% BPSM was<br />significantly higher (P<0.05) SGR, feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), productive protein value (PPV %) and energy retention (ER %) than other tested black paper levels. No significant differences (P>0.05%) were found in moisture, protein, fat, ash and energy contents among all the fish groups fed BPSM levels and the control diet. In<br />addition, diet containing 0.5% BSM was economically superior to other tested levels of black paper in diets. It seemed to save about 28% of feed cost consumed to produce one kilogram fish gain (incidence cost). It was recommended to use black pepper seeds meal in fish feeds on the commercial scale at level of 0.5%.https://maj.journals.ekb.eg/article_4624_8b9f980c4e1e7a8635da83a560c28530.pdfMediterranean International Aquaculture Environment Society (MAEPS)Mediterranean Aquaculture Journal1687-76166120141201Evaluation of Using Decapsulated Artemia Cysts and Artemia Nauplii or Commercial Feed as Starter Feed for Freshwater Prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii Larvae2129462510.21608/maj.2014.4625ENAliM.Department of Animal Production and Fish Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt,MohamedK.Department of Animal Production and Fish Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt,Journal Article20171217The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of decapsulated Artemia cysts as direct food for Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae on the growth and survival rate. Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae (48 hour after hatching) weighted about 0.03 mg were reared (50 larvae/L) in cylindro-conical rearing fiberglass tanks (10 L) under controlled conditions. The larvae were fed on Commercial diet 46% crude protein (T1), DE capsulated Artemia cysts (T2), Artemia naupli (T3) and DE capsulated cysts & Artemia naupli at constant ratio (1:1) (T4). Three replicates for each treatment. Water parameters in all tanks were recorded. After 21-days rearing period, feeding of the larvae with commercial diet<br />resulted in a significantly (P≤0.05) lower average weight (0.18 mg), mean length gain (4.80 mm), weight gain (0.15mg), K factor (0.16) and SGR (8.53%/d) compared to the other groups. Group T2 (fed with DE capsulated Artemia cysts) resulted in good survival (87%) of larvae, which was not significantly different from T4 (fed with 1:1 ,86.4%) and T3 (fed with Artemia nauplii ,86%). These results indicated that the use of decapsulated Artemia cysts (low price) appear to be a suitable feed for exogenous feeding in M. rosenbergii larvae. However, Artemia nauplii are more expensive than some commercial feeds. https://maj.journals.ekb.eg/article_4625_4d86906b78af86b9a3c24a64391e14e9.pdfMediterranean International Aquaculture Environment Society (MAEPS)Mediterranean Aquaculture Journal1687-76166120141201Evaluation of Biochar as Abio filter for Application in Commercial Fish Culture System3039462610.21608/maj.2014.4626ENSorurM.Fish Husbandry, Fac. of Agric. Saba Basha Alex. Univ.El-BaramawyMFish Husbandry, Fac. of Agric. Saba Basha Alex. Univ.El – SharkaweyG.Central Lab. of Agric. Environ. Agriculture Research InstituteKordI.Fish Husbandry, Fac. of Agric. Saba Basha Alex. Univ.Journal Article20171217Biochar is commonly used for absorption of heavy metals in the soils and water and so decreasing its level in fish meat with improvement of growth performance, productivity and hatchability as well as immunity of the fish against different fish diseases. The present work was conducted a fish farm is Metobase area in Kafr El-Sheikh governorate during season<br />2014. The period extended from January to May at the department of fish production Fac. of Agric. Saba Basha, Alexandria University. The biochar was prepared by burning of the rice bran at 300 oC using circular cylinder rotated by anaerobic motors. In our investigation, a total number of 162 broodstock of Oreochromis niloticus fish that were collected from private fish farm at Kafr El-Sheikh governorate, Egypt. The enhancement of aeration of aquaculture occurred by air blowers and agriculture machine, and the water column of ponds in both was about 1.5m. The aim of this study is to investigate the importance of biochar in growth performance and production efficiency of Nile tilapia as well as protective effects of heavy metal pollution in the aquaculture environment, product of fish and finally the histopathological alterations. Our results concluded that, the addition of biochar to the fish production ponds decrease the level of heavy metals and reduced its accumulation in fish organs especially the saw dust biochar, followed by rice husk biochar.https://maj.journals.ekb.eg/article_4626_b8e7fe0a2bc5f4508bd37d1069e3a711.pdfMediterranean International Aquaculture Environment Society (MAEPS)Mediterranean Aquaculture Journal1687-76166120141201Effect of Different Stocking Density Ratios between Red Hybrid Tilapia and Fresh Water Prawn, M. rosenbergii, Post Larva on Performances4052462710.21608/maj.2014.4627ENZakiA.Fish Nutritional and Husbandry and head of Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Shatby), Alexandria University.El-DamhogyA.Marine Biology and Fishes Sector, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo.El-HellaA.Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo.NasefMMarine Biology and Fishes Sector, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo.Al-AbssawyN.Marine Biology and Fishes Sector, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo.Journal Article20171217This study aimed to evaluate the growth performance, feed and nutrient utilization; survival rate and carcass composition of polyculture of red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) (RT) and fresh water prawn, M. rosenbergii, post larva (FWP) at five different stocking densities ratios: 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5 and 1:6 (1 RT: 2 FWP) against control as (1 RT: 0 FWP) which known as monoculture ,The initial individual biomass for fish and prawn were 1.87 ± 0.01a g and 0.25 ± 0.01a g, respectively. Feed was provided based on fish requirements. The experiment was conducted at the Animal and Fish Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (EL-Shatby), Alexandria University, Egypt, in a completely randomized design with five treatments and two replicates each. Water quality parameters, salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia, nitrate and nitrite were monitored. The experiment lasted 84 days and biomass gain was evaluated every two weeks.<br />Final biomass, survival rate and feed conversion rates were calculated at the end of the experiment.<br />The maximum value (35.80 ± 0.34) was recorded with stocking density ratio contained proportion (1:4) and the minimum value (18.22 ± 0.66) occurred with stocking density ratio contained proportion (1:6). These two species can be cultured together, without competing for the same resources, because they have different trophic niche, thus increasing productivity and economic returns for the farmers.https://maj.journals.ekb.eg/article_4627_a50f8bf34e92f74d5e586afe8d2c222c.pdf